Read this first. Regulations change without notice and avian influenza zones can change with little warning. This page is guidance, not authorisation. Confirm every requirement with the agencies listed at the foot of this page before you travel — they are the ones who can authorise your bird’s movement. Do not book a flight or drive to a border on the strength of this page alone.
“No paperwork” almost always means “no paperwork yet.” The rule that matters — 50 CFR 15.25(a)(5)(ii) — doesn’t demand a pristine chain of ownership stretching back to the nest. It accepts a signed statement from whoever sold or gave you the bird, written today. If you know who that person is, your problem is very likely solvable this week.
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This article is about what to do when a bird you genuinely own — rehomed, rescued, inherited, or bought years ago in cash from someone whose surname you never learned — has no CITES permit, no receipt, and no breeder’s certificate. It covers what actually counts as proof, the one route into Canada that doesn’t run on documents at all, why you should never invent the missing paperwork, and what to do if the bird’s history truly can’t be reconstructed.
One thing this page is not: legal or immigration advice, and not a substitute for talking to the agency that will actually decide your case. Bird Sitting Toronto boards birds and helps rehome them. We don’t file permits, complete applications, or act as a customs broker — the border information here is offered so you know what to ask, not as a promise of an outcome.
In this guide
- The Three Kinds Of Proof That Actually Count
- Entering Canada From The US: A Declaration, Not A Document Pile
- Do Not Write The Missing Document Yourself
- Why “Later” Is More Expensive Than “Now”
- What A Band Or Microchip Does — And Doesn’t — Prove
- When The Bird’s History Genuinely Cannot Be Reconstructed
- Questions We Don’t Have An Answer To Yet
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Related Guides In This Series
- Who To Call Before You Travel
- What We Can And Cannot Help With
The Three Kinds Of Proof That Actually Count
If you’re applying for a permit to bring an exotic or pet bird into the United States, 50 CFR 15.25(a)(5)(ii) sets out exactly what evidence of origin is accepted. There are three routes, and only one of them requires a CITES document at all:
| Route | What it is | What it must show |
|---|---|---|
| CITES permit | A copy of any CITES permit under which the bird was exported or re-exported | The permit itself, as issued |
| Sales receipt or seller’s statement | Used where no CITES permit exists | Seller’s name and address, date of sale, species, and other identifying information about the bird |
| Breeder’s certificate | A signed statement from the breeder | Breeder’s name and address, date of sale or transfer, species, and hatch date |
Read that middle row again: the regulation itself says a CITES permit is one route, and a receipt or a signed statement is “expressly offered as the alternative.” If you can still reach the person you got the bird from — a private seller, a breeder, even a rehoming contact — ask them to write and sign a short statement with those exact fields, dated today.
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That is a real, legitimate document. It doesn’t need to be old to be valid; it needs to be true.
The relationship between the two subsections is worth getting right, because it changes what a gap in your paperwork actually does. Paragraph (a) sets out what the application must contain. Paragraph (b) then opens by saying the Director decides “upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section”. So your evidence of origin is not one of the things weighed when the decision is made — it is what makes the application complete enough to be decided at all. The criteria in (b) are separate: whether the bird is a personal pet, whether the applicant has documented residence outside the United States for at least a year, and whether the number of exotic birds the applicant imported in the previous 12 months does not exceed two. None of that changes what counts as evidence; it just confirms that a personal-pet application is judged on a different, narrower set of questions than a commercial import.
Entering Canada From The US: A Declaration, Not A Document Pile
If your bird is coming into Canada from the United States as your accompanied pet, there’s a second piece of good news most owners never hear about. Under section 13 of the Import Reference Document — the instrument the Health of Animals Regulations incorporate by reference — the route runs on a declaration, not documents:
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“A person may import into Canada from the United States pet birds of the parrot family or pet song birds if: the person importing the birds is the owner of the birds, is accompanying the birds, and makes a declaration to a Customs Officer at the place of entry into Canada.”
In practice, that declaration states that each bird is your personal pet and not for sale, that it hasn’t been in contact with other birds, and that it has been in your personal possession in Canada or the United States for the 90 days immediately before entry. Notice what’s being attested: possession and pet status, not provenance. A bird with no purchase history at all can still satisfy this route, because nobody is asking to see where it came from.
Be careful not to blur two different questions here. This declaration answers Canada’s entry requirement for personally owned pet birds — it isn’t a ruling on whether your species needs a CITES permit for the crossing at all. That’s a separate question that turns on the species, not on how you’re arriving. Our species-by-species CITES lookup walks through that piece, and our driving vs. flying guide covers the mechanics of the crossing itself.
Do Not Write The Missing Document Yourself
At some point, almost everyone in this position considers just writing the statement themselves — filling in a plausible seller, a plausible date, a plausible story. Don’t. Here’s what it actually costs, in the regulation’s own words.
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50 CFR 13.21(c) lists the factors that disqualify a US Fish and Wildlife Service permit applicant. Factor (2) is that the applicant “has failed to disclose material information required, or has made false statements as to any material fact, in connection with his application.” Factor (3) is failure to demonstrate a valid justification and a showing of responsibility. And 13.21(g) allows the issuing officer to deny a permit outright to anyone who fails to meet these criteria. Part 13 isn’t a side issue for a personal-pet permit — 15.25(c) expressly says the personal-pet rules apply “in addition to the general conditions set forth in part 13.”
That matters because a fabricated document doesn’t just fail to fix a paperwork gap. It converts the gap into a finding about you — one that follows you past this single application. A genuine gap in ownership history is a solvable problem. A false statement written to paper over it is not.
What’s legitimate: asking a seller or breeder to write and sign a statement today, describing what they actually know, dated with today’s date. What’s not legitimate: backdating a document, asking someone to sign a date that isn’t real, or reconstructing “from memory” in a way that presents itself as contemporaneous. The first is a true document. The second is the false statement 13.21(c)(2) is written to catch.
Why “Later” Is More Expensive Than “Now”
Environment and Climate Change Canada is blunt about what happens if you arrive without the permit you needed: if you don’t have the proper permit, border officers can hold and seize the item, and you will not be able to get a permit afterward to release it. Permits aren’t issued retroactively once a bird has been stopped at the border.
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That’s the practical argument for starting now rather than closer to your travel date. A seller you can still reach today can sign a statement in an afternoon. The same seller, found after a seizure, can’t undo what’s already happened. Gather whatever you can — receipts, texts, adoption paperwork, a breeder’s contact information — while the people involved are still findable and still remember the details.
What A Band Or Microchip Does — And Doesn’t — Prove
A closed leg band or a microchip is useful, but it’s easy to overrate. Under 50 CFR 15.25(a)(5)(ii), an identifying feature counts as “other identifying information on the bird” — it’s part of describing which bird a statement refers to, not evidence of where that bird came from or that it was captive-bred.
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A band number strengthens a breeder’s certificate by tying it unmistakably to your bird; it isn’t a substitute for the certificate itself. If you’re trying to work out what a particular band or chip tells you, our identification and species-lookup content on the CITES lookup page is the better starting point than trying to read the band as a document.
When The Bird’s History Genuinely Cannot Be Reconstructed
Some birds can’t be documented at all. The breeder has died. The rescue that took the bird in kept no intake record. The bird passed through two or three rehomings before it reached you. You bought it from a stranger at a market fifteen years ago and never got a name.
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We could not find published guidance from USFWS or ECCC on exactly how an application is handled when no acquisition evidence exists at all, and we’re not going to guess at it — not optimistically, and not pessimistically. What we can say is this: describing that history truthfully, in full, is not the same thing as making a false statement. A truthful account of an undocumentable history is exactly that — truthful. The honest move is to lay out your actual situation to the agency directly, using the contact details at the bottom of this page, and ask what they need from you specifically.
This is also the strongest reason to start that conversation months before any travel date, not weeks before. If the answer turns out to require something you don’t expect — an affidavit, a statutory declaration, more time — you want to find that out while you still have runway, not at check-in.
Questions We Don’t Have An Answer To Yet
- How USFWS treats a personal-pet application where no acquisition evidence of any kind exists.
- Whether a statutory declaration or affidavit from the owner is accepted in place of a seller’s or breeder’s statement.
- What a rescue or rehoming organisation can properly sign for a bird whose full history it doesn’t itself know.
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These are genuinely open, and the only reliable answer is the one the agency gives you in writing for your specific bird. If you want a template for putting a question like this to an agency and getting a documented answer back, see our guide to unsettled US pet bird import questions.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does My Bird Need A CITES Permit At All?
That depends entirely on the species, not on whether you have a receipt. Check the species-by-species lookup rather than assuming either way — some commonly kept parrots are named exclusions, and there is no shortcut that covers “most” birds.
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Can A Friend Or Family Member Write My Seller’s Statement If I Can’t Find The Original Seller?
The regulation asks for a statement from the seller or breeder themselves, giving their own name, address, and knowledge of the sale. A statement from someone who wasn’t part of the original transaction doesn’t fit that description — it’s a different kind of document, and we don’t have published guidance on how it’s treated. Ask the agency directly rather than guessing.
Is A Photo Of The Bird With The Previous Owner Enough On Its Own?
A photo isn’t one of the three routes 15.25(a)(5)(ii) names, but it can support a written statement by helping identify the bird and the people involved. It’s a supplement to the required document, not a replacement for it.
What If The Rescue I Got My Bird From Has Closed Down?
This is one of the harder cases we don’t have published guidance on. Describe the actual situation — including that the organisation no longer exists — truthfully to the agency and ask what they can accept in its place.
Does The 90-Day Possession Rule For Entering Canada From The US Mean I Need 90 Days Of Receipts?
No — it’s a declaration of possession and pet status, not a request for receipts covering that period. That’s the point of this route: it’s built around what you attest, not what you can produce on paper.
If I Write A True Statement Today About A Bird I’ve Owned For Years, Is That Backdating?
No. A statement dated today, describing what you or the seller actually know today, is a legitimate document regardless of how long you’ve owned the bird. Backdating means putting a false date on it — writing today’s knowledge as if it were recorded years ago. That’s the line that matters.
If your bird’s paperwork situation means a permit application is going to take months rather than weeks, you may need somewhere stable for your bird to stay in the meantime — boarding is one of the two things we actually offer, alongside rehoming, and our daily rates are on /pricing/, where longer stays are charged at a lower rate per day, already factored into your quote. We don’t file permits or vouch for a bird’s history; we just keep your bird looked after while you sort it out. Get a boarding quote here.
Related Guides In This Series
- Moving Abroad and You Can’t Take Your Bird: Board, Rehome, or Wait
- Proving Your Bird Is Captive-Bred (And What to Do With No Paperwork)
- Importing a Pet Bird to Canada: The Complete CFIA Guide (2026)
- Long-Term Bird Boarding While You Relocate: 30, 60 and 90+ Days
- Taking Your Bird from Canada to the United States: Driving vs Flying
- Which Parrot Species Are Hardest to Move Internationally (CITES Tiers Explained)
Who To Call Before You Travel
Confirm every requirement below with the agency itself. These are the people who can actually authorise your bird’s movement — we cannot.
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Every number below was checked against the agency’s own website on 27 July 2026. Government phone numbers and web pages still change without notice. If one does not connect, find the agency through its own official site rather than trusting what is printed here.
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) — import and export of live birds, health certificates, permits: 1-800-442-2342 from Canada and the US, or 1-613-773-2342 local and international, 8 am to 7 pm EST Monday to Friday except holidays. CFIA names services related to travelling with pets as something its area offices handle — for the GTA that is the Mississauga animal health office, 289-247-4100, 8 am to 4 pm
· inspection.canada.ca - Environment and Climate Change Canada — CITES permitting — export and import permits for CITES-listed species, and what documents exist for repeat crossings:
1-855-869-8670
· cites@ec.gc.ca - Canada Border Services Agency — what happens at the border itself, declarations and inspection fees: 1-800-461-9999, Monday to Friday 8 am to 4 pm local time. Press 0 to reach an agent; CBSA’s published service standard is to answer within 20 minutes
- USDA APHIS — the US pet-travel hub, with separate paths for import, export and interstate movement, and the list of which birds count as pets at all:
aphis.usda.gov/pet-travel - US Fish & Wildlife Service — CITES and Wild Bird Conservation Act permits, applied for through the ePermits portal at fws.gov/permits. The agency contact centre is 1-800-344-9453
· info@fws.gov
What We Can And Cannot Help With
We cannot help with paperwork. Bird Sitting Toronto is a bird boarding and care business. We are not a customs broker, an immigration consultant, a veterinary practice or a legal adviser. We do not file permits, complete applications or deal with any agency on your behalf, and we cannot guarantee any outcome at any border. Everything on this page is information only.
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There are two things we can do. If your bird cannot travel with you — because the paperwork is still in progress, the airline will not carry it, or the timing simply does not work — we can board your bird in the GTA for as long as you need, including by the month. And if it becomes clear the bird genuinely cannot come with you, we can help you rehome it to a good home rather than leaving you to sort that out alone.
We publish this guide because our boarding clients ask us about it constantly, and because the answer is genuinely hard to assemble from the primary sources.
